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Flutter TabBar

作者： Cobbage Java技术QQ群：227270512 / Linux QQ群：479429477

TAB是在不同应用程序框架中广泛使用的接口布局，Flutter也不例外。Flutter提供了一种方便快捷的方法来使用Material库创建TAB布局。
一般来说在Flutter中创建TAB布局，需要实现以下步骤：

  • 创建一个TabController。
  • 创建一个TabBar。
  • 创建一个TabBarView。

1. TabController

要使TAB布局正常工作，需要将所选Tab与它的内容同步，这是TabController的工作。
可以手动创建TabController，或者使用可用的Widget(称为DefaultTabController)来支持一些常用功能。

DefaultTabController(
  // The number of tabs / content sections to display.
  length: 3,
  child: // Complete this code in the next step.
);

2. 标签栏

TabBar可帮助我们创建Tab，如以下示例所示，TabBar包含三个子Tab。

TabBar示例代码：

DefaultTabController(
  length: 3,
  child: Scaffold(
    appBar: AppBar(
      bottom: TabBar(
        tabs: [
          Tab(icon: Icon(Icons.directions_car)),
          Tab(icon: Icon(Icons.directions_transit)),
          Tab(icon: Icon(Icons.directions_bike)),
        ],
      ),
    ),
  ),
);

注意：可以将许多TabBar放入DefaultTabController中，但是DefaultTabController仅适用于最近的TabBar(按树结构搜索)。在这种情况下，需要考虑手动创建自己的TabController。

3. TabBarView

可以使用TabBarView包含与TabBar上每个Tab相对应的内容。

TabBarView (
  children: [
    Icon(Icons.directions_car),
    Icon(Icons.directions_transit),
    Icon(Icons.directions_bike),
  ],
);

4. TabBar示例

文件：main.dart 

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  // This widget is the root of your application.
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Title of Application',
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
        visualDensity: VisualDensity.adaptivePlatformDensity,
      ),
      home: MyHomePage(),
    );
  }
}

class MyHomePage extends StatelessWidget {
  MyHomePage({Key key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return DefaultTabController(
        length: 3,
        child: Scaffold(
          appBar: AppBar(
            bottom: TabBar(
              tabs: [
                Tab(icon: Icon(Icons.directions_car)),
                Tab(icon: Icon(Icons.directions_transit)),
                Tab(icon: Icon(Icons.directions_bike)),
              ],
            ),
            title: Text('Flutter Tabs Example'),
          ),
          body: TabBarView(
            children: [
              Center(child: Text("Car")),
              Center(child: Text("Transit")),
              Center(child: Text("Bike"))
            ],
          ),
        )
    );
  }
}

运行上面示例代码，得到以下结果：
TabBar示例

5. TabController, TabBar构造器

5.1. TabController构造器

TabController(
    {int initialIndex: 0,
    @required int length,
    @required TickerProvider vsync}
)

DefaultTabController 构造函数：

const DefaultTabController(
    {Key key,
    @required int length,
    int initialIndex: 0,
    @required Widget child}
)

TabBar 构造函数：

const TabBar(
    {Key key,
    @required List<Widget> tabs,
    TabController controller,
    bool isScrollable: false,
    Color indicatorColor,
    double indicatorWeight: 2.0,
    EdgeInsetsGeometry indicatorPadding: EdgeInsets.zero,
    Decoration indicator,
    TabBarIndicatorSize indicatorSize,
    Color labelColor,
    TextStyle labelStyle,
    EdgeInsetsGeometry labelPadding,
    Color unselectedLabelColor,
    TextStyle unselectedLabelStyle,
    DragStartBehavior dragStartBehavior: DragStartBehavior.start,
    MouseCursor mouseCursor,
    ValueChanged<int> onTap,
    ScrollPhysics physics}
)

TabBarView 构造函数：

const TabBarView(
    {Key key,
    @required List<Widget> children,
    TabController controller,
    ScrollPhysics physics,
    DragStartBehavior dragStartBehavior: DragStartBehavior.start}
)

6. isScrollable

isScrollable

isScrollable

示例文件：main.dart

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  // This widget is the root of your application.
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Title of Application',
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
        visualDensity: VisualDensity.adaptivePlatformDensity,
      ),
      home: MyHomePage(),
    );
  }
}

class MyHomePage extends StatelessWidget {
  MyHomePage({Key key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    EdgeInsets a2; EdgeInsetsDirectional a;
    return DefaultTabController(
        length: 6,
        child: Scaffold(
          appBar: AppBar(
            bottom: createTabBar(),
            title: Text('Flutter TabBar Example'),
          ),
          body: TabBarView(
            children: [
              Center(child: Text("Car")),
              Center(child: Text("Transit")),
              Center(child: Text("Bike")),
              Center(child: Text("Boat")),
              Center(child: Text("Railway")),
              Center(child: Text("Bus"))
            ],
          ),
        )
    );
  }

  TabBar createTabBar()  {
    return TabBar(
      tabs: [
        Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_car), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Car")]),
        Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_transit), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Transit")]),
        Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_bike), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Bike")]),
        Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_boat), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Boat")]),
        Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_railway), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Railway")]),
        Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_bus), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Bus")]),
      ],
      isScrollable: true,
    );
  }
}

例如，在TabBar.isScrollable = true的情况下，向左对齐Tab。示例代码：main.dart

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  // This widget is the root of your application.
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Title of Application',
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
        visualDensity: VisualDensity.adaptivePlatformDensity,
      ),
      home: MyHomePage(),
    );
  }
}

class MyHomePage extends StatelessWidget {
  MyHomePage({Key key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    EdgeInsets a2; EdgeInsetsDirectional a;
    return DefaultTabController(
        length: 3,
        child: Scaffold(
          appBar: AppBar(
            bottom: PreferredSize(
              preferredSize: Size.fromHeight(40),
              child: Align(
                alignment: Alignment.centerLeft,
                child: TabBar(
                  isScrollable: true,
                  tabs: [ Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_car), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Car")]),
                    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_transit), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Transit")]),
                    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_bike), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Bike")])],
                ),
              ),
            ),
            title: Text('Flutter TabBar Example'),
          ),
          body: TabBarView(
            children: [
              Center(child: Text("Car")),
              Center(child: Text("Transit")),
              Center(child: Text("Bike"))
            ],
          ),
        )
    );
  }

}

7. indicatorColor

indicatorColor属性使您可以指定当前选定选项卡下线的颜色。如果指定了indicator属性，则将忽略此属性。

Color indicatorColor

例如：在当前选定的选项卡下，为该行设置红色：

TabBar (
  tabs: [
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_car), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Car")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_transit), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Transit")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_bike), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Bike")]),
  ],
  indicatorColor: Color(0xffE74C3C),
);

8. indicatorWeight

indicatorWeight属性用于设置当前选定选项卡下线的粗细。它的值大于0，默认值为2。如果指定了indicator属性，则将忽略此属性。

double indicatorWeight;

例如，在当前选定的选项卡下设置线条的粗细。

indicatorWeight示例

TabBar(
  tabs: [
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_car), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Car")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_transit), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Transit")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_bike), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Bike")]),
  ],
  indicatorColor: Color(0xffE74C3C),
  indicatorWeight: 10
);

9. indicatorPadding

indicatorPadding属性为当前选定的选项卡下的行指定水平填充。
indicatorPadding

EdgeInsetsGeometry indicatorPadding

indicatorPadding示例

indicatorPadding

TabBar(
  tabs: [
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_car), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Car")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_transit), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Transit")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_bike), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Bike")]),
  ],
  indicatorColor: Color(0xffE74C3C),
  indicatorWeight: 10,
  indicatorPadding: EdgeInsets.only(right: 20),
);

10. indicator

indicator属性定义当前选定选项卡的外观。如果使用此属性，则其他属性(如indicatorColor，indicatorWeight和indicatorPadding)将被忽略。

Decoration indicator;

indicator

TabBar(
  tabs: [
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_car), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Car")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_transit), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Transit")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_bike), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Bike")]),
  ],
  indicator: ShapeDecoration (
      shape: UnderlineInputBorder (
          borderSide: BorderSide(
              color: Colors.transparent,
              width: 0,
              style: BorderStyle.solid
          )
      ),
      gradient: LinearGradient(colors: [Color(0xff0081ff), Color(0xff01ff80)])
  )
);

11. labelColor

labelColor属性用于为当前所选Tab的标签指定字体颜色。

Color labelColor;

示例：

labelColor

TabBar(
    tabs: [
      Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_car), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Car")]),
      Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_transit), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Transit")]),
      Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_bike), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Bike")]),
    ],
    labelColor: Colors.red,
    unselectedLabelColor: Colors.black,
);

12. unselectedLabelColor

unselectedLabelColor属性用于为未选中的选项卡的Tab指定字体颜色。

Color unselectedLabelColor;

示例：unselectedLabelColor

TabBar(
  tabs: [
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_car), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Car")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_transit), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Transit")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_bike), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Bike")]),
  ],
  labelColor: Colors.white,
  unselectedLabelColor: Colors.cyanAccent,
);

13. labelPadding

labelPadding属性用于向Tab的每个标签添加填充。

EdgeInsetsGeometry labelPadding;

示例：

labelPadding

TabBar(
  tabs: [
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_car), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Car")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_transit), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Transit")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_bike), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Bike")]),
  ],
  labelPadding: EdgeInsets.all( 20),
);

13. labelStyle

labelStyle属性用于在当前选定的选项卡的标签上指定文本样式。

TextStyle labelStyle;

labelStyle

示例代码

TabBar(
  tabs: [
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_car), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Car")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_transit), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Transit")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_bike), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Bike")]),
  ],
  labelStyle: TextStyle(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold, fontSize: 22),
  unselectedLabelStyle: TextStyle(fontStyle: FontStyle.normal, fontSize: 18),
);

14. unselectedLabelStyle

unselectedLabelStyle属性用于在未选中的选项卡的标签上指定文本样式。

TextStyle unselectedLabelStyle;

示例：
unselectedLabelStyle

示例代码：

TabBar(
  tabs: [
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_car), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Car")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_transit), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Transit")]),
    Row (children: [Icon(Icons.directions_bike), SizedBox(width:5), Text("Bike")]),
  ],
  labelStyle: TextStyle(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold, fontSize: 22),
  unselectedLabelStyle: TextStyle(fontStyle: FontStyle.italic),
);

15. onTap

onTap是一种回调函数，当用户点击TabBar上的一个Tab时调用。

ValueChanged<int> onTap;

示例：

示例代码：

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  // This widget is the root of your application.
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Title of Application',
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
        visualDensity: VisualDensity.adaptivePlatformDensity,
      ),
      home: MyHomePage(),
    );
  }
}

class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
  MyHomePage({Key key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  State<StatefulWidget> createState() {
    return MyHomePageState();
  }
}

class MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
  int carClick = 0;
  int transitClick = 0;
  int bikeClick = 0;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return DefaultTabController(
        length: 3,
        child: Scaffold(
          appBar: AppBar(
            bottom: createTabBar(),
            title: Text('Flutter TabBar Example'),
          ),
          body: TabBarView(
            children: [
              Center(child: Text("Car")),
              Center(child: Text("Transit")),
              Center(child: Text("Bike"))
            ],
          ),
        )
    );
  }

  TabBar createTabBar()  {
    return TabBar(
        isScrollable: true,
        labelStyle: TextStyle(fontSize: 20),
        tabs: [
          Text("Car " + this.carClick.toString()),
          Text("Transit " + this.transitClick.toString()),
          Text("Bike " + this.bikeClick.toString())
        ],
        onTap: (index) {
          this.onTapHandler(index);
        }
    );
  }

  void onTapHandler(int index)  {
    setState(()  {
      switch(index){
        case 0:
          carClick++;
          break;
        case 1:
          transitClick++;
          break;
        case 2:
          bikeClick++;
          break;
      }
    });
  }

}

  

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