在本教程中,我们将演示如何使用@Test
属性invocationCount
和threadPoolSize
在网站上执行负载测试或压力测试。
使用的工具 :
- TestNG 6.8.7
- Selenium 2.39.0
- Maven 3
我们使用Selenium
库自动化浏览器来访问网站。创建一个用于测试的Maven项目:TestngSelenium 。
1. 项目依赖文件配置
获取TestNG和Selenium
库。如下 pom.xml
所示 -
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yiibai</groupId>
<artifactId>TestngSelenium</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>TestngSelenium</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<testng.version>6.8.7</testng.version>
<selenium.version>3.4.0</selenium.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
<version>${testng.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
<version>${selenium.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2. @Test(invocationCount =?)
这个invocationCount
确定TestNG应该运行这个测试方法的次数。
示例 2.1
package com.yiibai;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class TestRepeatThis {
@Test(invocationCount = 10)
public void repeatThis() {
System.out.println("repeatThis " );
}
}
输出 - repeatThis()
方法将运行10
次,结果如下所示 -
[TestNG] Running:
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\testng-eclipse-1220889222\testng-customsuite.xml
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
===============================================
Default test
Tests run: 10, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
===============================================
Default suite
Total tests run: 10, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.XMLReporter@6442b0a6: 32 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.JUnitReportReporter@22f71333: 15 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.SuiteHTMLReporter@57829d67: 63 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by [FailedReporter passed=0 failed=0 skipped=0]: 0 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.jq.Main@3d24753a: 109 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.EmailableReporter2@6108b2d7: 0 ms
示例2.2 - 使用Selenium打开Firefox浏览器并加载“yiibai.com”。 此测试是确保页面标题始终为“易百教程™ - 专注于IT教程和实例”。
创建一个类文件:TestMultipleThreads.java,其代码如下所示:
package com.yiibai;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.AssertJUnit;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class TestMultipleThreads {
@Test(invocationCount = 3)
public void loadTestThisWebsite() {
//System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "chromedriver.exe");
//WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
// System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.bin", "D:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("http://www.yiibai.com");
System.out.println("Page Title is " + driver.getTitle());
AssertJUnit.assertEquals("Google", driver.getTitle());
driver.quit();
}
}
输出结果如下 - 您会注意到Firefox浏览器将提示关闭3
次。
[TestNG] Running:
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\testng-eclipse-1220889222\testng-customsuite.xml
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
PASSED: repeatThis
===============================================
Default test
Tests run: 10, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
===============================================
Default suite
Total tests run: 10, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.XMLReporter@6442b0a6: 32 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.JUnitReportReporter@22f71333: 15 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.SuiteHTMLReporter@57829d67: 63 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by [FailedReporter passed=0 failed=0 skipped=0]: 0 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.jq.Main@3d24753a: 109 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.EmailableReporter2@6108b2d7: 0 ms
3. @Test(invocationCount = ?, threadPoolSize = ?)
threadPoolSize
属性告诉TestNG创建一个线程池以通过多个线程运行测试方法。 使用线程池,会大大降低测试方法的运行时间。
示例3.1 - 启动一个包含3
个线程的线程池,并运行测试方法3
次。
package com.yiibai;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.AssertJUnit;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class TestMultipleThreads2 {
@Test(invocationCount = 3, threadPoolSize = 3)
public void testThreadPools() {
System.out.printf("Thread Id : %s%n", Thread.currentThread().getId());
}
}
执行上面代码,输出以下结果 -
[TestNG] Running:
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\testng-eclipse-103220503\testng-customsuite.xml
[ThreadUtil] Starting executor timeOut:0ms workers:3 threadPoolSize:3
Thread Id : 13
Thread Id : 11
Thread Id : 12
PASSED: testThreadPools
PASSED: testThreadPools
PASSED: testThreadPools
===============================================
Default test
Tests run: 3, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
===============================================
Default suite
Total tests run: 3, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.XMLReporter@6442b0a6: 19 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.JUnitReportReporter@22f71333: 5 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.SuiteHTMLReporter@57829d67: 50 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by [FailedReporter passed=0 failed=0 skipped=0]: 0 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.jq.Main@3d24753a: 46 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.EmailableReporter2@6108b2d7: 5 ms
示例3.2 - 启动包含3
个线程的线程池,并运行测试方法10
次。
package com.yiibai;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.AssertJUnit;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class TestMultipleThreads3 {
@Test(invocationCount = 10, threadPoolSize = 3)
public void testThreadPools() {
System.out.printf("Thread Id : %s%n", Thread.currentThread().getId());
}
}
执行上面代码,输出以下结果 -
[TestNG] Running:
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\testng-eclipse--548867586\testng-customsuite.xml
[ThreadUtil] Starting executor timeOut:0ms workers:10 threadPoolSize:3
Thread Id : 13
Thread Id : 11
Thread Id : 12
Thread Id : 11
Thread Id : 13
Thread Id : 12
Thread Id : 13
Thread Id : 11
Thread Id : 13
Thread Id : 11
PASSED: testThreadPools
PASSED: testThreadPools
PASSED: testThreadPools
PASSED: testThreadPools
PASSED: testThreadPools
PASSED: testThreadPools
PASSED: testThreadPools
PASSED: testThreadPools
PASSED: testThreadPools
PASSED: testThreadPools
===============================================
Default test
Tests run: 10, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
===============================================
Default suite
Total tests run: 10, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.XMLReporter@6442b0a6: 18 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.JUnitReportReporter@22f71333: 6 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.SuiteHTMLReporter@57829d67: 39 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by [FailedReporter passed=0 failed=0 skipped=0]: 0 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.jq.Main@3d24753a: 105 ms
[TestNG] Time taken by org.testng.reporters.EmailableReporter2@6108b2d7: 11 ms
4. 负载测试示例
通过结合TestNG多线程和Selenium强大的浏览器自动化。 您可以创建一个简单而强大的负载测试,创建一个类文件:TestMultipleThreadsLoad.java,其代码如下所示:
输出 - 以上测试将启动一个线程池5
,并发送100
个URL请求到指定的网站。
[TestNG] Running:
C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\testng-eclipse--404588393\testng-customsuite.xml
[ThreadUtil] Starting executor timeOut:0ms workers:100 threadPoolSize:5
[START] Thread Id : 14 is started!
[START] Thread Id : 11 is started!
[START] Thread Id : 13 is started!
[START] Thread Id : 12 is started!
[START] Thread Id : 15 is started!1493821695786 geckodriver INFO Listening on 127.0.0.1:45272
1493821695787 geckodriver INFO Listening on 127.0.0.1:41719
1493821695792 geckodriver INFO Listening on 127.0.0.1:44078
1493821695793 geckodriver INFO Listening on 127.0.0.1:20291
1493821695804 geckodriver INFO Listening on 127.0.0.1:43472
1493821696563 mozprofile::profile INFO Using profile path C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\rust_mozprofile.1bGOSGl5q8Ao
1493821696589 mozprofile::profile INFO Using profile path C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\rust_mozprofile.5CndLuoF3lLq
1493821696589 mozprofile::profile INFO Using profile path C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\rust_mozprofile.8UhBfB3XciVW
1493821696591 mozprofile::profile INFO Using profile path C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\rust_mozprofile.kGZmelveSBLV
1493821696592 geckodriver::marionette INFO Starting browser C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe
1493821696594 mozprofile::profile INFO Using profile path C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\rust_mozprofile.duSn42IvmcXK
1493821696595 geckodriver::marionette INFO Starting browser C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe
1493821696596 geckodriver::marionette INFO Starting browser C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe
1493821696598 geckodriver::marionette INFO Starting browser C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe
1493821696624 geckodriver::marionette INFO Starting browser C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe
1493821696626 geckodriver::marionette INFO Connecting to Marionette on localhost:56795
1493821696627 geckodriver::marionette INFO Connecting to Marionette on localhost:56799
1493821696628 geckodriver::marionette INFO Connecting to Marionette on localhost:56796
1493821696631 geckodriver::marionette INFO Connecting to Marionette on localhost:56798
1493821696632 geckodriver::marionette INFO Connecting to Marionette on localhost:56797
一些问题
问:对于使用Selenium和TestNG的负载测试,为什么一次仅提示一个浏览器?
答:您的测试方法完成得太快,尝试放置Thread.sleep(5000)
方法来延迟执行,现在您应该注意到多个浏览器同时提示(仅供演示用途)。